Dr.Jiw: พฤศจิกายน 2015

วันอาทิตย์ที่ 29 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2558

Cognitive system/computing

คือ smart advisor ตัวอย่างคือ IBM Watson (http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/ibmwatson/what-is-watson.html) ซึ่งสามารถตอบคำถามเราที่อยู่ในรูปแบบ natural language และนำไปสืบค้นจาก unstructured data มาสรุปเป็นคำตอบให้ได้

Cognitive computing is the simulation of human thought processes in a computerized model.

Cognitive computing involves self-learning systems that use data mining, pattern recognition and natural language processing to mimic the way the human brain works. The goal of cognitive computing is to create automated IT systems that are capable of solving problems without requiring human assistance.

Cognitive computing systems use machine learning algorithms. Such systems continually acquire knowledge from the data fed into them by mining data for information. The systems refine the way they look for patterns and as well as the way they process data so they become capable of anticipating new problems and modeling possible solutions.

Cognitive computing is used in numerous artificial intelligence (AI) applications, including expert systems, natural language programming, neural networks, robotics and virtual reality. The term cognitive computing is closely associated with IBM’s cognitive computer system, Watson.
(Cf. http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/cognitive-computing)

Expert system

In artificial intelligence, an expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning about knowledge, represented primarily as if–then rules rather than through conventional procedural code.

An expert system is an example of a knowledge-based system. Expert systems were the first commercial systems to use a knowledge-based architecture. A knowledge-based system is essentially composed of two sub-systems: the knowledge base and the inference engine. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_system)

The ideal representation for a knowledge-base is an object model (often called an ontology in AI literature) with classes, subclasses, and instances. (Cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base)

วันจันทร์ที่ 23 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2558

Web programming technologies

Client side:

jQuery is a cross-platform JavaScript library designed to simplify the client-side scripting of HTML.

AngularJS (commonly referred to as "Angular.js") is a JavaScript-based open-source front-end web application framework mainly maintained by Google.

It aims to simplify both the development and the testing of such applications by providing a framework for client-side model–view–controller (MVC).

Bootstrap is a front-end library for designing responsive websites and web applications

C3.js is D3 (data visualization JavaScript library)-based reusable chart library.

Server side: Node.js เป็น framework สำหรับทำให้รัน JavaScript ไว้ที่ฝั่ง server ได้ แทนที่ปกติจะต้องรันที่ฝั่งไคลเอนต์

npm is a command-line tool for interacting with a huge repository of Node.js projects. https://www.sitepoint.com/beginners-guide-node-package-manager/

JSP (Java Server Page) เหมือน PHP i.e. JSP is similar to PHP since you can mix output (like HTML). A JSP file is actually a servlet; when you add it to your server, it gets transformed into a .java file without you knowing about it. And after the transformation, it gets compiled into .class file along with other .java files whe necessary. (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4965914/java-jsp-vs-servlet)

JavaServer Faces (https://javaserverfaces.java.net/) is Java specification for building web interface. Its current implementation uses JSP. Example use of JavaServer Faces (JSP language) is http://www.vogella.com/tutorials/JavaServerFaces/article.html#firstjsf_run which allows developer to modify existing JSP file to quickly render web interface.

Firebase is analytics, databases (cloud-hosted NoSQL database), messaging and crash reporting PaaSes for mobile and web app development. (https://firebase.google.com/)

JSP vs Java Servlet:

Servlet is html in java whereas JSP is java in html.
Servlets run faster compared to JSP
JSP can be compiled into Java Servlets
It’s easier to code in JSP than in Java Servlets
JSP is a webpage scripting language that can generate dynamic content while Servlets are Java programs that are already compiled which also creates dynamic web content
In MVC, jsp acts as a view and servlet acts as a controller.
JSP are generally preferred when there is not much processing of data required. But servlets are best for use when there is more processing and manipulation involved.
The advantage of JSP programming over servlets is that we can build custom tags which can directly call Java beans. There is no such facility in servlets.
We can achieve functionality of JSP at client side by running JavaScript at client side. There are no such methods for servlets.
A servlet is like any other Java class. You put HTML into print statements like you use System.out or how JavaScript uses document.write. A JSP technically gets converted to a servlet but it looks more like PHP files where you embed the Java into HTML.

Yii and Laravel is a PHP framework based on mvc making PHP a full stack framework.

Flutter is Google's UI development framework for iOS&Android using Dart programming language.

Django itself is a full stack framework making Python a server-side scripting just like PHP. (django = PHP + Yii/Laravel)

10 Best Java Web Frameworks to Use in 2018
https://javapipe.com/blog/best-java-web-frameworks/

EJB (Enterprise Java Bean) is server-side part of Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE). Spring is an open source application framework for building any Java application including web applications on top of the Java EE platform. Spring is an alternative to the EJB.

Hibernate ORM (Hibernate in short) is an object-relational mapping library for the Java language, providing a framework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a traditional relational database. Hibernate's primary feature is mapping from Java classes to database tables (and from Java data types to SQL data types). e.g. when using ORM API:

Person p = repository.GetPerson(10);
String name = p.getFirstName();

without ORM API:

String sql = "SELECT ... FROM persons WHERE id = 10";
DbCommand cmd = new DbCommand(connection, sql);
Result res = cmd.Execute();
String name = res[0]["FIRST_NAME"];

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Mapbox allows adding location into any application with our mapping, navigation, and location search SDKs

OpenWeatherMap is PaaS that provides weather data, including current weather data, forecasts, and historical data to the developers of web services and mobile applications.